RESUMO
The aim of vaccination is immunisation of the child against diseases to prevent mortality and morbidity from specific infections. Adequate immunization coverage is the prerequisite for creating herd immunity. The maintenance of these levels of population immunity requires continuous vigilance and changes to immunisation schedule in response to changing circumstances. Changes have been made over the years to optimise the immunisation of poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella. The introduction of hemophilus influenza type B vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine has reduced the incidence of these infections. Vaccination against human papillomavirus infection is being expanded to protect against cervical neoplasia in females and also anal intraepithelial neoplasia in both genders. Childhood exanthems due to viral and bacterial infections, as well as immunological causes continue to be important and the ability to recognise them is necessary.
RESUMO
El síndrome de Gianotti-Crosti, también llamado acrodermatitis papular de la infancia, es un exantema infrecuente de la infancia, que se presenta generalmente en niños entre 1 y 6 años de edad. Dado que estos pacientes generalmente son llevados a su pediatra, es fundamental el conocimiento de las características de este síndrome. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por una reacción pápulo-vesicular asintomática y autolimitada de distribución simétrica en cara, nalgas y superficies extensoras de las extremidades, formando placas o permaneciendo aisladas. El tronco generalmente se encuentra respetado y las lesiones usualmente no son pruriginosas. Se reportan los casos de dos pacientes que consultaron en el Servicio de Dermatología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, por un cuadro compatible con síndrome de Gianotti-Crosti. A propósito de los casos, se presentan los aspectos más relevantes sobre esta patología.
The Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, also known as papular acrodermatitis of childhood, is an uncommon rash that usually occurs in children between 1 and 6 years old. Given that these patients are usually brought to their pediatrician, it is essential to know the characteristics of this syndrome. The clinical picture is characterized by a self-limited and asymptomatic papulo-vesicular reaction, symmetrically distributed on the face, buttocks and extensor surfaces of the extremities. The trunk is generally respected and the lesions are usually not itchy. We report the cases of two patients treated at the Dermatology Department at the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, with symptoms consistent with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. We also present the most relevant aspects of this disease.
